What programming languages do you need to know?
The fundamental difference between frontend and backend lies in programming skills and languages. For example, any frontend specialist should know:
HTML. This is a markup language and the main tool for developing the appearance of the site pages. HTML is used to create blocks, tables, images and various design components. You’re unlikely to find sites written in pure HTML, but knowing markup language is an essential skill for any frontend developer.
CSS. It is a set of templates for creating page styling. With CSS you can implement a common design scenario on a page, make it unique and beautiful without duplicating code.
JS. JavaScript, unlike CSS and HTML, is a full-fledged programming language. Its capabilities are huge – with JS you can not only work on the interface of the application or site pages, but also develop various “server-side” features.
To work with JS, it is useful to know the React.js framework. Such tools as Angular, Vue.js will not be superfluous.
A backend developer needs to know one of the following languages:
PHP. It is one of the most widely used languages in the world. It is ideal for working with the server side. RNR allows you to automate a web resource.
Python. It is considered to be the easiest language to learn. Python can be used to develop an application engine. It is an optimal option due to its convenience and framework. Python is characterized by simplicity of syntax, which allows you to use it for mobile development as well.
Ruby. A server-side language that has become popular due to its convenient and functional framework.
SQL. It is intended for working with databases. It is impossible to imagine the sphere of backend development without SQL. No online store or social network can do without a link to databases.
Go. A language designed for highly loaded services and developed by Google. Almost all services of the corporation are characterized by high load, so the Go language was quickly adopted by programmers.
Java. The most popular option for creating web applications, software, various services and programs. Java is an ideal option for test automation. This programming language is less relevant for working with desktop applications and is not suitable for frontend.
One of the best frameworks for working with Java is Spring. Its peculiarity is the ability to connect many modules designed to perform any task related to web development. For example, for security work use Security, for databases use Data.